Many people hear the term "heat pump" and assume it’s a device only used for heating. But why is it called a heat pump if it also provides cooling? Simply put, a heat pump moves heat from one place to another. In summer months, it pulls heat from your home and moves it outside, cooling your living space. In winter, it pulls heat from outside and pumps it into your home, keeping it warm.
Did you know you already use a heat pump? Your refrigerator works the same way, moving heat from inside the fridge to the outside, just like a home heat pump. Unlike traditional furnaces that generate heat through combustion, heat pumps transfer heat using electricity, making them highly efficient.
Why Heat Pumps Are More Efficient Than Traditional Heating
One of the key advantages of heat pumps is their exceptional efficiency. While a fossil fuel-powered appliance operates at around 80-95% efficiency, heat pumps can be 300-400% efficient. Heat pumps are more efficient because they use electricity to run a compressor with refrigerants that capitalize on expansion and compression to extract more heating and cooling energy. This efficiency is measured by the Coefficient of Performance (COP). A heat pump with a COP of 3 generates three units of heat for every one unit of electricity consumed—resulting in significant energy savings.
Can a Heat Pump Work in My Home?
Wondering if a heat pump will work for your home? Whether you live in an older house, a modern home, or even an apartment, there’s likely a heat pump solution for you. Cold-climate heat pumps are capable of running efficiently even at temperatures as low as -15°F, making them suitable for various climates. While heat pump technology isn’t new, there have been advances in the technology over the last 5-10 years that have made them truly versatile and suitable for just about every situation.
- Cold climate heat pumps can work well in freezing temperatures.
- Heat pumps come in all shapes and sizes.
- Heat pumps are being incentivized by the federal government (and some state and local governments).
If you think heat pumps sound a little cooler now - check out this heat pump ballad!
Heat Pump Options for Every Home
There are various types of heat pumps designed to meet different home needs:
1. Standard Heat Pump HVAC System
If your home already has a ducted Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, switching to a heat pump is relatively easy. A contractor can also assess if the existing ducting systems are well sealed and right sized to make for efficient heat pump operation. You can replace your existing furnace and air conditioner with a single standard heat pump HVAC system that provides both heating and cooling - saving space and cost.
A heat pump looks nearly identical to a regular air conditioner. It’s a big square box that houses both a condenser unit (which looks like a big fan) and an air handler which transfers heat from the refrigerant to the air that travels through your home’s ducts.
2. Ducted Mini-Split System
Ducted mini-split systems are similar to standard HVAC systems but they provide added flexibility. These types of air pump systems separate (split) the condenser and the air handler. The condenser unit is fairly small and is usually located on the ground around a home or in a backyard. This small outdoor condenser unit is connected to an indoor air handler, which can be installed separately in discreet locations outdoors. A refrigerant line then runs from the condenser unit to the air handler. That air handler is connected to the ducts that deliver the heating and cooling to your home. This setup makes them ideal for homes with limited outdoor space.
3. Ductless Mini-Split System
For homes without ductwork, a ductless mini-split system is a great solution. Each room has its own air handler, allowing you to control the temperature independently. This zoning capability ensures you only use energy where needed, saving on energy costs.
This system utilizes the same small outdoor condenser unit that the ducted mini-split uses. However, the indoor component lives on your wall, or can be embedded into your ceiling. This system is great for retrofits and for homes without ducts, or using existing baseboard heating. Each room has its own unit and thermostat allowing for different comfort needs between a bedroom and living spaces. It uses the refrigerant delivered from the condenser unit to deliver warmth or cooling at the desired temperature.
4. Packaged Terminal Heat Pump (PTHP) Units
If you live in a small space, lack outdoor space, or can't make major modifications to your home, consider a packaged terminal heat pump PTHP unit. These are compact, all-in-one systems that can be installed through a wall and are often used in hotels - but you likely haven’t seen this sleek new version by Ephoca.
5. Plug-in Window Heat Pump Units
For renters or those who cannot make permanent changes to their house or apartment, plug-in window heat pump units are an excellent choice. They are easy to install, run on standard 120V outlets, and provide both heating and cooling without needing professional installation. These also work in both warm and cold climates.
If you are unable to alter the building where you live or if you don’t have much space on your electrical panel. You might consider a 120v plug-in window unit. These can be installed without a professional contractor, can plug into a regular electric outlet, and hug your window (a bit like a taco). Half of the device sits inside the window sill and the other half sits outside. I think we’re good as is for now, thanks!
Why Heat Pumps Are the Future of Home Heating and Cooling
If you’re looking for energy efficiency, lower utility bills, and a more comfortable home, a heat pump is a smart investment. With advances in technology, heat pumps are now more reliable and versatile, even in colder climates. Plus, with numerous financial incentives available, there has never been a better time to make the switch.
For more information on finding the right heat pump for your home and available incentives, visit The Switch Is On. Make the switch today and enjoy a cleaner, more comfortable home!
